Final answer:
One must pull over and stop for emergency vehicles with active sirens or flashing lights, or clear a path in heavy traffic, using changes in siren frequency to gauge their location.
Step-by-step explanation:
When you hear a siren or see flashing lights from an emergency vehicle such as a police car, fire engine, or ambulance, it is crucial that you safely pull over to the right edge of the roadway, avoiding intersections, and come to a stop until the emergency vehicle has passed by. In situations where it's impossible to pull over due to heavy traffic, your responsibility is to clear a path for the emergency vehicle.
The use of the Doppler effect, where the frequency of the siren changes relative to your position, can assist in determining the direction of the emergency vehicle and when it has passed you. It is imperative not to obstruct the path of emergency vehicles as doing so could hinder their response to urgent situations.