Question

When do cooperative efforts between states and the national government shape public policy?

A) When states exclusively control public policy
B) When the national government solely dictates public policy
C) When states and the national government are in constant conflict over public policy
D) When the states and the national government work together to shape public policy

Answer 1

Cooperative efforts shape public policy when state and national governments work together, as seen in examples of cooperative federalism such as national transportation policies influenced by federal funding.

Step-by-step explanation:

Cooperative efforts between states and the national government shape public policy when the states and the national government work together to shape public policy. This cooperation can take many forms, including fiscal federalism, where the national government uses federal funds to influence state policies and achieve national goals. Characteristics of cooperative federalism include the blending of jurisdictional boundaries, as national authority gradually encroaches into state domains, and both levels of government coordinate their actions to solve large-scale issues. An example would be national transportation policy, where federal highway funds help create a coordinated system while also influencing state laws on safety regulations.