Final answer:
The Marshall Court used the case of Gibbons v. Ogden to define Congress's authority under the commerce clause, establishing federal supremacy in regulating interstate commerce and navigation. C) Gibbons v. Ogden
Step-by-step explanation:
The Marshall Court used the case of Gibbons v. Ogden to weigh in on the powers of Congress under the commerce clause. This landmark decision in 1824 involved the interpretation of the commerce clause of Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution.
Thomas Gibbons operated steamboat ferries under a federal coasting license, challenged by Aaron Ogden, who had an exclusive state license granted by New York. The Supreme Court, led by Chief Justice John Marshall, upheld the federal government's sole authority to regulate interstate commerce and deemed the New York State license-monopoly law granted to Ogden as inconsistent with the Constitution. Notably, this case contributed to the broader interpretation of interstate commerce and affirmed Congress's regulatory powers over navigation among states.