Final answer:
A Matrix report is the type of report that allows grouping of records by both rows and columns, aiding in complex data analysis and pattern visualization across multiple dimensions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of report that allows you to group records by both row and column is a Matrix report. A Matrix report is similar to a pivot table in spreadsheet software, where data is categorized and summarized across two dimensions: rows and columns. This differs from a Tabular report, which lists records in a simple row-based format, and a Summary report that allows for grouping of records by columns but not the intersection of row and column like in a Matrix. A Joined report can combine data from different tables, but that's not the same as grouping within one table.
There are different ways to group data, and the method chosen usually depends on the analysis requirements. Grouping data in a Matrix format allows for complex data analysis and the ability to see relationships and patterns within the data. For instance, if you collect quiz scores as numbers and report them categorically at the end of the term, a Matrix could be used to show how scores distribute across different categories (A, B, C, D, or F) and various subjects or time periods.