Final answer:
The correct answer is A) Vedic. The Aryans brought the Vedas to India, forming the basis of the early Vedic religion. As Hinduism evolved, the importance of the Vedic gods diminished in modern Hindu religious practice, focusing instead on personal devotion to gods like Vishnu and Shiva.
Step-by-step explanation:
The hymns the Aryans brought to India are called the Vedas. When the Aryans, an Indo-European people, entered India around 1800 BCE, they introduced the Vedic religion. The sacred texts, comprising hymns, poems, and rituals, were originally transmitted orally and later written in Sanskrit. Over time, Hinduism evolved, integrating local deities and traditions with the Vedic pantheon, leading to the worship of gods such as Vishnu and Shiva, among others. The Vedic gods, associated with the earlier phase of Hinduism, do not form part of modern Hinduism's active religious life, as it is more focused on personal devotion to individual deities.
The group of people who originated the Hindu caste system were the Aryans. This system classified society into a hierarchy of social classes, with Brahmins at the top, followed by Kshatriya, Vaishya, and the servants at the bottom. The Vedic traditions laid down by the Aryans emphasized a rigid caste structure that was maintained through religious sanctions, though later Indian religions like Buddhism and Jainism gained followers by challenging this rigidity.
As far as the main question is concerned, the correct answer is:
The Vedic gods no longer form part of the religious life of Hindu adherers.