Final answer:
The correct answer is option B. Without will; no desires.
Step-by-step explanation:
Schizophrenia is a complex mental illness that can significantly impair a person's functioning. Among the various symptoms, individuals with schizophrenia may experience a phase known as Avolition, characterized by a decrease in the motivation to initiate and perform self-directed purposeful activities. During the Avolition phase, a person's behavior can be described as B. Without will; no desires—showing a lack of interest or motivation to engage in regular activities or pursue goals, which is one of the negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
It's important to differentiate this symptom from other negative symptoms such as anhedonia—the loss of pleasure in previously enjoyed activities—or cognitive symptoms like diminished thinking ability. Avolition specifically refers to the reduction of the will to act, which can manifest as a significant decrease in the motivation necessary to do even simple daily tasks, contributing to the overall functional impairment that characterizes schizophrenia.
Neuroleptic drugs, commonly used for treatment, often target dopamine and can help mitigate some of the psychotic symptoms, such as hallucinations and delusions. However, they may not fully address negative symptoms like Avolition. Despite the challenging aspect of treating Avolition, continuous research in understanding the mechanisms underlying schizophrenia, such as the excitatory/inhibitory imbalance in the brain, is crucial for the development of more effective treatment strategies.