Final answer:
Event bubbling is the propagation of events from a child up to the parent elements, event capturing is the opposite process from the document to the child, and event delegation is a technique of managing events on multiple elements by using a single event listener on a common ancestor.
Step-by-step explanation:
Understanding Event Bubbling, Event Capturing, and Event Delegation
Event bubbling is a method in which an event triggered on an element first runs the handlers on it, then on its parent, and so on upwards till the document object. This means that an event on a child element will propagate up to its ancestors.
Event capturing, on the other hand, is the process where an event is captured as it descends down from the document to the target element. It is a less commonly used phase, where the event is handled from the outermost element down to the targeted child element.
Event delegation is a technique where you use a single event listener on a common ancestor to manage events on multiple child elements that share the same behavior or functionality. By doing this, you are not only simplifying event handling, but it also improves performance and reduces memory usage, since you don't need to attach event listeners to each child element.