Final answer:
The Tang Dynasty quelled the An Lushan Rebellion, a major revolt that occurred in 755, after an intense struggle lasting eight years. Although the rebellion weakened the empire, the Tang Dynasty's ability to suppress it demonstrated their resilience and marked a significant event in Chinese history.
Step-by-step explanation:
The dynasty that successfully suppressed a widespread rebellion in China was the Tang Dynasty. This was specifically in response to the An Lushan Rebellion in 755, which was a significant challenge to the Tang Dynasty's rule. Despite the devastating impact of the rebellion, which drained the empire militarily and economically, the Tang Dynasty ultimately subdued the insurrection after eight strenuous years. The empire, albeit weakened, continued for several more decades before it finally collapsed in 906, leading to a fragmented China until the advent of the Song Dynasty in 960.
The suppression of the An Lushan Rebellion is a testament to the resilience of the Tang Dynasty, although it did initiate a period of decline. The military and economic exhaustion post-rebellion saw an increased shift of military and civil authority to provincial warlords. Nevertheless, the dynasty's capacity to quell such a large-scale revolt is notable in Chinese history, reflecting both its strengths and the challenges it faced in maintaining a vast and diverse empire. The post-rebellion period was marked by development in the economy and culture, with the Tang Dynasty continuing to play a central role in China's history.