Question

Hydrofluoric acid is commonly used in geology as a way to extract microscopic fossils from sedimentary rock. The rock dissolves in the acid, leaving the acid-insoluble fossils behind. This can cause burns if spilled on the skin. Unless gluconate gel is applied to these burns, the high dose of fluoride could cause:

A) Respiratory distress
B) Gastrointestinal upset
C) Bone fractures
D) Systemic fluoride poisoning

Answer 1

Hydrofluoric acid can cause systemic fluoride poisoning if not treated with gluconate gel, which is critical to mitigate absorption of fluoride ions. The reaction between silicon dioxide and hydrofluoric acid produces silicon tetrafluoride and water. The correct answer is an option D

Step-by-step explanation:

The student asked what could happen if hydrofluoric acid is spilled on the skin and not treated with gluconate gel. The correct answer is D) Systemic fluoride poisoning. Hydrofluoric acid is dangerous because it not only causes local tissue damage but also systemic toxicity due to fluoride ions absorbing into the bloodstream, leading to hypocalcemia and potentially life-threatening symptoms. If skin exposure occurs, immediate treatment with calcium gluconate gel is critical to bind the fluoride ions and prevent further absorption.