Final answer:
The option corresponding to Group design for Power/Significance is Statistical significance. This design offers the ability to test differences in outcomes, like the amount of food consumed using different-sized tableware, for statistical significance. Components of an experimental design include the population, sample, experimental units, explanatory variable, treatment, and response variable.
Step-by-step explanation:
The option that corresponds to Group design when considering Power/Significance is B) Statistical significance. This attribute is aligned with serving a meal using normal-sized tableware versus tableware that is 20% smaller to college students in an experiment, and then recording how much food is eaten by each group. Here, the differences in the amounts of food consumed can be analyzed for statistical significance. Two observations that provide scientific evidence supporting the use of Group design in this context are: the ability to apply statistical tests to compare the means between the groups, and the replication of the experiment across the two distinct groups, which provides a more robust statistical analysis and helps to reduce the influence of variability.
When designing an experiment, it is crucial to clearly identify its components. For the given psychologist's study:
- A. population: All college students
- B. sample: The 100 college students who participated in the study
- C. experimental units: The individual college students
- D. explanatory variable: The size of the tableware
- E. treatment: Use of normal-sized tableware versus tableware that is 20% smaller
- F. response variable: The amount of food consumed by the students
Concerning graphs, three common types are:
- Bar graphs, which are used to compare different categories or groups.
- Line graphs, which are ideal for showing trends over time.
- Pie charts, suitable for displaying proportions of a whole.