Question

Diet and existing nutrient stores are often insufficient sources of _____ in pregnancy, so supplementation is recommended.

Option 1: calcium^(2+)
Option 2: iron^(3+)
Option 3: vitamin D^(3)
Option 4: folate^(−)

Answer 1

Folate supplementation is recommended for women who may become pregnant because it is crucial for preventing neural tube defects and anemia. The recommended intake is at least 400 µg/day, as dietary sources alone may be inadequate during pregnancy.

Step-by-step explanation:

Diet and existing nutrient stores are often insufficient sources of folate during pregnancy, so supplementation is recommended. The Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine recommends that all women who might become pregnant consume at least 400 µg/day of folate from supplements or fortified foods. This is primarily due to the essential role that folate plays in the prevention of birth defects, particularly neural tube defects such as spina bifida, which is a result of the neural tube not closing properly during development. A deficiency of folate during pregnancy is also associated with an increased risk of anemia.

Folate is found in a variety of dietary sources, such as leafy green vegetables, whole wheat, fruits, nuts, and legumes. However, the increased demand for this B vitamin during pregnancy often necessitates additional supplementation. Ensuring adequate folate intake is vital for both mother and child, supporting the development of the fetus and contributing to the overall health of the pregnant woman.