Final answer:
The Eighth Amendment forbids excessive bail, excessive fines, and cruel and unusual punishments. It protects individuals from being subjected to torture or punishments that are considered excessive or inhumane.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Eighth Amendment forbids excessive bail, excessive fines, and cruel and unusual punishments. This means that the government cannot impose bail or fines that are unreasonably high, and it cannot subject individuals to punishments that are considered cruel or unusual.
Examples of cruel and unusual punishments that are forbidden by the Eighth Amendment include torture, such as drawing and quartering or burning people alive, as well as certain forms of execution like the electric chair. The Amendment is also interpreted to prohibit punishments that cause excessive pain or prolong suffering.