Final answer:
Option (B), Plants with thick cuticles and sunken stomata are an adaptation for survival in harsh desert climates, where water conservation is crucial.
Step-by-step explanation:
Plants with thick cuticles and sunken stomata are most likely to occur in environments characterized by a harsh desert climate. A thick cuticle is a waxy, waterproof cover that protects the aerial parts of the plant, such as leaves and stems, from desiccation (drying out). Sunken stomata are an adaptation to reduce water loss by regulating the exchange of gases and water vapor, which is particularly valuable in arid environments where water conservation is critical.
Succulent plants like aloes and agaves exhibit these features, enabling them to survive in desert climates with limited water availability. They often have deep roots to access water, reduced and fleshy foliage to store water, and clumping growth habits to reduce heat exposure. The adaptations of xerophytes (desert plants) contrast with those of mesophytes (plants that grow in moderate environments) and hydrophytes (aquatic plants), which have different structures suited to their environments.