Final answer:
In a patient who cannot fight bacterial infections but can combat viruses, T lymphocytes are not affected as they are primarily involved in antiviral defense. The correct answer is: A) T lymphocytes.
Step-by-step explanation:
If a patient's immune system can fight off viruses but not most bacterial infections, it suggests that there is a problem with the components of the immune system responsible for defending the body against bacteria, not viruses.
Therefore, we can deduce that the immune cells not affected by this immunodeficiency would be those primarily involved in antiviral defense.
T lymphocytes (also known as T cells) are crucial for the cell-mediated immune response, which includes the defense against viral infections.
In contrast, B lymphocytes (B cells) produce antibodies against pathogens, macrophages engulf and digest pathogens, and neutrophils are one of the first responders to bacterial infection, which indicates they might be compromised in this patient.
In this case, the patient's immunodeficiency is affecting their ability to fight most bacterial infections. However, T lymphocytes are immune cells that are not affected by this immunodeficiency. T lymphocytes play a crucial role in the immune response against viruses and some types of cancer cells.
The correct answer is: A) T lymphocytes.