Final answer:
The nuclear membrane separates the DNA of eukaryotic cells from the cytoplasm.
Step-by-step explanation:
The cellular component that separates the DNA of eukaryotic cells from the cytoplasm is the nuclear membrane.
The nuclear membrane is a double-layered membrane that surrounds the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, separating the DNA-containing nucleus from the cytoplasm. It is made up of two lipid bilayers with nuclear pores that allow the exchange of materials between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.
In contrast, prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and do not have a nuclear membrane separating their DNA from the cytoplasm.