Final answer:
Chronic illness can disrupt reproductive functioning in both women and men, leading to infertility and complications during pregnancy. Women may experience menstrual irregularities and difficulties conceiving, while men may have reduced fertility and erectile dysfunction. Chronic medications can also impact reproductive function.
Step-by-step explanation:
Chronic illness can have effects on reproductive functioning in both women and men. In women, chronic illness can disrupt the menstrual cycle and hormonal balance, leading to irregular or absent periods and difficulty conceiving. Some chronic illnesses, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or autoimmune diseases, may also cause infertility or complications during pregnancy. In men, chronic illnesses can affect spermatogenesis, reducing fertility. For example, chronic diseases like diabetes or hypertension can lead to erectile dysfunction or decreased sperm motility. Additionally, some chronic medications may have adverse effects on reproductive function in both men and women.