Final answer:
Beliefs and political behaviors are shaped by agents of socialization and can reflect complex motivations, including cultural or symbolic considerations. The Bradley effect illustrates the discrepancy between expressed and actual voting behavior, specifically option c. in the provided choices.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question seems to be rooted in the realm of social science, specifically in the concept of socialization and its influence on political behaviors and beliefs.
Individuals develop their beliefs from a variety of sources known as agents of socialization, which can include family, schools, peer groups, media, and religious institutions. These agents are critical in shaping an individual's political perspectives and actions.
The Bradley effect refers to a phenomenon related to voting behaviors where individuals tell pollsters they will vote for a minority candidate to appear non-prejudiced but end up voting for the opposite candidate in privacy of the voting booth.
The correct answer to the question in the prompt is option c. say they will vote for a candidate but then vote against that candidate.
It is also important to recognize that political behaviors often extend beyond personal self-interest. For instance, advocating for endangered species or opposing flag burning represent stances on symbolic or cultural issues, which demonstrates that political engagement can also be driven by a desire to contribute to the type of society one wishes to live in.
This indicates that political behaviors can be complex and multifaceted, rather than purely self-interested.