Final answer:
The correct answer is (c) Triglycerides and glucose. Triglycerides consist of three fatty acid chains and a glycerol backbone. Glucose is a simple sugar and an energy source for cells. The plasma membrane, including the phospholipid bilayer, is fundamental in regulating substance movement in and out of the cell.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks for the identification and labeling of parts specific to fatty acid chains and glycerol, which are components of certain biological molecules. Triglycerides and glucose are the correct pair that contain these elements. Triglycerides, a type of lipid, are composed of three fatty acid chains linked to a single glycerol molecule. This structure serves as a major form of energy storage in animals. In contrast, glucose is a simple sugar that serves as a primary energy source for cells.
The plasma membrane is a fundamental cellular structure composed of a phospholipid bilayer with various proteins, cholesterol, and carbohydrates. Phospholipids are comprised of two fatty acid chains, a glycerol backbone, and a phosphate group. These membrane lipids provide the basic structure that separates the interior of the cell from its exterior environment and regulates the movement of substances, while specific proteins embedded within the bilayer facilitate transport. Additionally, carbohydrates attached to lipids or proteins function as recognition sites, and cholesterol adds flexibility to the membrane.