Final answer:
Cricket is traditionally associated with the upper-class due to its historical exclusivity and the means required to participate. However, its popularity spans various social classes in modern times, albeit with a residual association to the upper echelons of society. The correct option is b.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cricket has traditionally been associated with the upper-class in many parts of the world, particularly in former British colonies such as India, Australia, and the United Kingdom. This association is tied to the sport's origins and its history of exclusivity within certain societal strata.
Today, cricket enjoys popularity across various social classes, but it still retains a strong connection with the upper-class, who often has the means to engage in leisure activities requiring access to substantial resources, such as space and equipment.
Looking at social stratification and mobility, sports have often been a reflection of societal structures. The working class might have more affinity for sports like football, seen as an accessible pastime (as indicated by the popularity of football games among working-class urban dwellers).
Similarly, historical anecdotal evidence suggests that the middle-class might engage more with sports and pastimes that offer social mobility or resonate with their values of hard work and comfortable living, with perhaps an emphasis on leisurely activities that align with family and community. The correct option is b.