Final answer:
Aristotle believed that the continued motion of a thrown object was due to the air rushing to fill the void, pushing the object forward, which differs from Newton's first law of motion.
Step-by-step explanation:
Aristotle had a different understanding of motion than what is described by Newton's laws of motion. Specifically, Aristotle explained the continued motion of a thrown object (choice d) by asserting that the air rushed to fill the void left by the moving ball and in doing so pushed the ball along. This explanation is in contrast to Newton's first law of motion, which states that an object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will continue to move at a constant speed, in a straight line, unless acted upon by an outside force. While our experience may suggest that a moving object tends to slow down and stop unless some effort is made to keep it moving, Newton's deeper understanding reveals the effect of other forces like friction and air resistance, not present in Aristotle's explanation.