Final answer:
Geocoding addresses in GIS requires a reference data set, such as streets, and an address table. City zoning maps are not necessary for geocoding. Thus, option B/C is the correct choice.
Step-by-step explanation:
Geocoding addresses in GIS (Geographic Information Systems) involves translating a physical address into a form that can be mapped, typically as a specific point with geographic coordinates. The process of geocoding requires certain key elements to be accurate and effective. Specifically, geocoding addresses in GIS requires:
- A reference data set, such as streets or other geographic features, against which addresses can be matched;
- An address table that contains the addresses to be geocoded; and
- Certain metadata about the source of geographic information, such as map projection, source (be it a USGS topographic map or satellite image), and the year the data was released or revised.
Answer: The requirements for geocoding addresses in GIS are reference data, like streets, and an address table, therefore option b. B/C is correct. City zoning maps, while useful for various planning and analysis purposes within GIS, are not a prerequisite for the process of geocoding addresses.
GIS has advanced significantly over the past decade, with GIS data now mostly in digital form, and organized into layers that help represent and analyze spatial relationships and distributions. In urban planning and related fields, GIS software and specialized maps are invaluable tools for tracking all sorts of patterns, including those related to human activities and the natural environment.