Final answer:
Hammurabi was the ruler of the Babylonian Empire and is known for his Code of Hammurabi, which provided a detailed legal framework for ancient Mesopotamian society.
Step-by-step explanation:
Hammurabi was a ruler who greatly influenced the course of ancient Mesopotamian history through his code of laws and his empire's expansion. He reigned over the Babylonian Empire during the time period of approximately 1792-1750 BCE. Throughout his reign, Hammurabi focused on creating a centralized system of governance, establishing legal edicts, and fostering economic prosperity within his empire. The territories he conquered, including much of Mesopotamia, were unified under Babylon, which became a significant center of power and administration. Hammurabi is most renowned for his Code of Hammurabi, which is one of the earliest and most complete written legal codes, serving as a crucial resource for understanding ancient Mesopotamian society.