Final Answer:
Albert Camus wrote the philosophical essay "The Myth of Sisyphus" in 1942, exploring existentialist themes and the concept of the absurd in human existence. This influential work uses the mythological figure Sisyphus as a metaphor for the human condition. So, the correct answer is B) Albert Camus.
Step-by-step explanation:
Authorship: "The Myth of Sisyphus" is specifically attributed to Albert Camus, a French philosopher and writer associated with existentialism.
Existential Exploration: Camus delves into existentialist themes and the idea of the absurd, examining the human experience through the lens of the myth of Sisyphus, who endlessly rolls a boulder up a hill.
Exclusion of Other Philosophers: While Jean-Paul Sartre, Friedrich Nietzsche, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau were influential philosophers, they are not the authors of "The Myth of Sisyphus."
Therefore, the correct answer is B) Albert Camus.