Final answer:
The common laboratory findings in methanol poisoning include metabolic acidosis, elevated osmolar gap, and increased levels of methanol in the blood. Treatment typically involves alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitors and may include hemodialysis. Visual disturbances are the primary symptom of methanol poisoning.
Step-by-step explanation:
The common laboratory findings in methanol poisoning include metabolic acidosis, elevated osmolar gap, and increased levels of methanol in the blood. In severe cases, kidney failure and neurological symptoms such as blurred vision and seizures may also be observed.
The treatment for methanol poisoning in a medical setting typically involves the administration of ethanol or fomepizole, which are alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitors. These medications compete with methanol for the enzyme, preventing the formation of toxic metabolites. Hemodialysis may also be used to remove methanol from the bloodstream.
The diagnosis of methanol poisoning is confirmed through various diagnostic tests, including measuring methanol levels in the blood, calculating the osmolar gap, and conducting anion and osmolal gap calculations.
The primary symptom of methanol poisoning is visual disturbances. Methanol is metabolized into formaldehyde and formic acid, which can damage the optic nerve, leading to blurred vision, blindness, and other visual abnormalities.