Final answer:
In response to moderate or severe turbulence, pilots typically will not maintain current altitude and airspeed; instead, they may descend to a lower altitude, adjust speed, or divert to an alternate route or destination for safety.
Step-by-step explanation:
When encountering moderate or severe turbulence, the appropriate action for the aircraft (AC) is highly dependent on the circumstances and the pilot's assessment. While there are standard procedures to follow, there isn't a one-size-fits-all answer as pilots must consider factors such as the nature of the turbulence, the surrounding terrain, other air traffic, the performance characteristics of the aircraft, and passenger comfort. However, in many cases, the pilot may choose to descend to a lower altitude where the air may be calmer, adjust speed to turbulence penetration speed, or divert to an alternate route or destination to avoid the area of turbulence. It's rare to maintain current altitude and airspeed as turbulence can impose structural stress on the aircraft and discomfort or even injuries to the passengers and crew. The decision is ultimately up to the discretion of the pilot in command, taking into account the safety of the flight.