Final answer:
The statement is false; Ekman transport refers to horizontal water movement caused by wind, while thermohaline circulation is the vertical water movement due to temperature and salinity differences.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement "The vertical movement of water due to changes in temperature and salinity is called Ekman transport" is false. Ekman transport actually refers to the horizontal movement of water, mainly near the surface of the ocean, due to wind forcing and is influenced by the Coriolis effect. The vertical movement of water due to changes in temperature and salinity is known as thermohaline circulation. This vertical movement is part of what drives the large-scale ocean circulation that affects global climate.