Final answer:
The kinds of foods available to the ISS crew include freeze-dried fruits, vacuum-sealed sandwiches, dehydrated soups, astronaut ice cream, astronaut pizza, and astronaut tacos. NASA developed freeze-dried food technology and food safety systems to meet the needs of astronauts in space.
Step-by-step explanation:
The kinds of foods available to the International Space Station (ISS) crew are a) freeze-dried fruits, vacuum-sealed sandwiches, and dehydrated soups; and d) astronaut ice cream, astronaut pizza, and astronaut tacos.
In planning for the long-duration Apollo missions, NASA developed freeze-dried food technology. This involves cooking the food, quickly freezing it, and then slowly heating it in a vacuum chamber to remove the ice crystals formed during freezing. The final product retains most of its nutrition and weighs less than the original.
Additionally, NASA worked with the Pillsbury Company to develop food safety systems for space missions. These systems aimed to eliminate food crumbs that could contaminate the spacecraft and ensure freedom from disease-causing bacteria and toxins.