Final answer:
Small, immature red potatoes are called New potatoes, and they are high in moisture and sugar but low in starch due to not reaching full maturity. Starchy roots such as sweet potatoes, yams, and others act as sugar storage from photosynthesis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The small, immature red potatoes that are high in moisture and sugar, and low in starch are known as New potatoes. These are harvested before they reach maturity, which is why they maintain their moisture and sweetness while having lower starch content compared to fully grown varieties. They fall under the category of 'waxy' potatoes due to their higher proportion of branched polymers of glucose which helps the potato to retain its shape and texture after cooking.
Beyond potatoes, other starchy roots that people eat include sweet potatoes, yams, carrots, turnips, and parsnips. Much like with the formation of secondary growth in sweet potato roots, these roots also store sugar from photosynthesis as starch, allowing them to be a valuable food source.