Final answer:
The statement about reaction range as a construct to understand the interplay of heredity and environment on intelligence in adulthood is true. Reaction range theorizes that genetics set potential outcome boundaries, and the environment helps determine where within that range one falls. The interaction between genes and environment is integral to intelligence level determination.
Step-by-step explanation:
An appropriate construct to understand the interaction of heredity and environment on intelligence in adulthood is reaction range. This statement is true. The range of reaction theory posits that our genetics set a fixed range of potential outcomes, and the environment influences where within that range we fall. For example, individuals with a genetic makeup that predisposes them to high levels of intellectual potential are more likely to achieve their full potential if they are raised in a rich, stimulating environment compared to those raised under adverse conditions. Similarly, neglected or abused individuals might exhibit adverse psychological or physical conditions, irrespective of their genetic predisposition. This illustrates how gene-environment interactions are crucial in determining intelligence levels.
Regarding the review question, option d is the correct answer: There are many factors working together to influence an individual's intelligence level. Neither genetics nor environment solely determines intelligence. Twin studies, like the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart, have shown a genetic component to intelligence, but at the same time, environmental stimulation can significantly impact intelligence levels.