Final answer:
The H-F bond has higher bond polarity than the C-F bond due to the larger electronegativity difference between hydrogen and fluorine compared to that between carbon and fluorine.
Step-by-step explanation:
The covalent bond that has higher bond polarity than the C-F bond among the options provided is the H-F bond. Bond polarity arises due to the difference in electronegativity between the two atoms forming the bond. The more electronegative atom pulls the shared electrons closer to itself, creating a partial negative charge, while the less electronegative atom acquires a partial positive charge. Considering electronegativity values, hydrogen (H) has an electronegativity of 2.1, and fluorine (F) has one of the highest with a value of 3.98. This results in a significant difference in electronegativity, making the H-F bond highly polar. In comparison, while carbon (C) is less electronegative than hydrogen, the electronegativity difference between C and F is lower than that of H and F, resulting in a slightly less polar bond than H-F.