Final answer:
The Fugitive Slave Law is the event associated with the causes of the Civil War, and the admission of Kansas as a free state was not part of the Compromise of 1850 but was related to the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854.
Step-by-step explanation:
Which event is associated with the causes of the Civil War? Among the options provided, b) the Fugitive Slave Law is associated with the causes of the Civil War. This law, as part of the Compromise of 1850, mandated that officials in free states had to assist with the return of escaped enslaved people and significantly tilted the balance in favor of slaveholders. It caused considerable unrest in the North and was a crucial factor that intensified the sectional conflict leading up to the Civil War.
As for the question regarding the components of the Compromise of 1850, the correct answer is B. the admission of Kansas as a free state. This event is not associated with the Compromise of 1850 but rather with the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854, which allowed the residents of territories to decide for themselves whether to allow slavery, leading to violent conflicts known as "Bleeding Kansas".