Final answer:
The Pyramid texts are the records of religious beliefs linked with ancient civilizations such as Egypt. Hieroglyphics were used to document these texts, and the god Osiris featured prominently in the religious practices associated with the afterlife. Pharaohs also played a divine role in maintaining the balance of the cosmos.
Step-by-step explanation:
The record of religious beliefs associated with ancient civilizations, especially Egypt, can be found in b) Pyramid texts. These texts, which were carved or painted on the internal walls of the pyramids, encompass sacred declarations, spells, and religious beliefs crucial to the afterlife of the pharaohs. The creation of hieroglyphics, a writing system used by the ancient Egyptians, was integral in documenting these texts. The vast legacy of recorded materials, made possible by the skilled scribes and the use of papyrus, has allowed historians and archaeologists to unearth and understand the complex religious and cultural practices that thrived during the Old Kingdom and beyond.
Another profound symbol of ancient Egyptian beliefs is the Osiris figure, depicted often in tomb iconography and linked with the cult of the dead. This deity became central to the Egyptian concept of the afterlife, emphasizing the extensive religious structure that formed ancient Egypt's ideological core.
Mighty rulers, known as Pharaohs, were revered as gods themselves and played a pivotal role in maintaining the balance and order of their world, intertwining theocracy with governance. The construction of grand monuments like pyramids, mainly designed as elaborate tombs, not only celebrated their rule but were instrumental in the religious duty of securing their journey to the afterlife.