Final answer:
Settler colonialism is defined as the replacement of indigenous populations by settlers, leading to their displacement and loss of culture and lands.
Step-by-step explanation:
Settler colonialism can be defined as c) The replacement of indigenous populations by settlers. This form of colonialism involves settlers moving into an area and systematically displacing the original inhabitants, establishing new political and social structures to maintain dominance. This was a common occurrence during European expansion into various parts of the world, including the Americas, Africa, and Asia. The process often resulted in the loss of indigenous culture, language, lands, and rights, with many native populations suffering from forced migrations, cultural disruption, and economic exploitation.
Historically, the relationship between indigenous peoples and settlers was seldom peaceful nor equal, and although some nations, like Canada, have acknowledged indigenous rights to self-governance, this does not erase the impact of settler colonialism. Rather, these issues continue to affect indigenous groups as they navigate forms of neocolonialism that sustain elements of dependency and marginalization, undermining their autonomy and cultural heritage.