Final answer:
Laws passed by legislative bodies include Criminal law, Statutory law, and Civil law, with both state and federal courts having the jurisdiction to hear matters involving these types of law.
Step-by-step explanation:
Laws passed by legislative bodies can include different types of laws such as Criminal law, Statutory law, and Civil law. Criminal law deals with behaviors that are offenses against the public order and come with specified punishments. Statutory laws are written laws passed by legislative bodies at both federal and state levels. Meanwhile, civil law addresses disputes between private parties and involves compensations or other remedies rather than criminal sanctions.
Both state and federal courts have the jurisdiction to hear matters involving civil and criminal law. The courts serve a fundamental role in interpreting and applying these laws, with the hierarchy in the United States placing the Constitution at the top, followed by acts of Congress, state constitutions, and state statutes.