Final answer:
The process described is known as the scientific method, while dimensional analysis refers to a mathematical technique used in science for unit conversions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process by which conclusions are determined using related observations to arrive at a general conclusion is called the scientific method. This method is central to scientific inquiry and involves making observations, forming a hypothesis, conducting experiments and/or observations, and drawing conclusions from the data collected. On the other hand, dimensional analysis is a mathematical technique used in chemistry and other sciences to convert between units of measurement. It involves using conversion factors to switch from one unit to another without changing the actual size of the quantity measured. The use of units in calculations to ensure the correct final units is called dimensional analysis, which is also known as the factor-label method.