Final answer:
The welding type where pieces are parallel to the work surface is flat welding, which is easier to perform and commonly used on thinner materials.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of welding being described, where the workpieces are parallel to the bench or shop floor, is flat welding. This is one of the basic welding positions and is known for being the easiest to perform since the workpieces are laid flat and the welder can work on them from above in a comfortable position. This method is typically used for thinner materials and is a fundamental technique taught to beginners in welding.