Final answer:
The state without statewide woman suffrage before 1920, surrounded by states with some level of women's suffrage, is Pennsylvania (D). Efforts by strong suffrage organizations like NAWSA helped secure voting rights for women in many states before the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920.
Step-by-step explanation:
The state that had no statewide woman suffrage before 1920 and was surrounded by other states with partial or full women's suffrage is D) Pennsylvania. While states like Wyoming, Utah, Idaho, and Colorado granted women the right to vote by 1900, and several other states followed suit with various degrees of suffrage for women, Pennsylvania remained a state without suffrage. Women's suffrage campaigns across the United States had led to 30 states granting suffrage in at least some elections by 1919, with half of those recognizing full voting rights for women. However, Pennsylvania was not one of these progressive states and thus stands out as the option that fits the description provided.
In the East, the state of New York took a progressive step in 1917 by approving women's suffrage, setting it apart from Pennsylvania. By contrast, California had already granted women suffrage rights with the passage of a ballot initiative in 1911 after a concentrated campaign involving lectures and the distribution of flyers.
The National American Women's Suffrage Association (NAWSA) and the Congressional Union, led by individuals such as Alice Paul and Lucy Burns, were pivotal in advocating for women's suffrage. Their tireless campaigning and lobbying paved the way for the eventual ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920, ensuring women's suffrage on a national level.