Final answer:
The Mississippian people were the first to build a permanent settlement, facilitated by agriculture and the cultivation of crops such as corn, beans, and squash.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Native American group that was the first to build a permanent settlement was the Mississippian people. During the period before European contact, the Mississippians developed complex societies characterized by large, sophisticated towns and cities, with the Cahokia settlement being one of the most notable examples. Their agricultural surplus, primarily from the cultivation of the Mesoamerican triad of corn, beans, and squash, enabled this development, marking a transition from earlier nomadic lifestyles to settled agricultural communities.