Question

Bonds where one charged atom gives one or more electrons to another is an _________________ bond.

a. Ionic
b. Covalent
c. Hydrogen
d. None of these

Answer 1

Bonds where one charged atom gives one or more electrons to another are known as ionic bonds, characterized by the complete transfer of electrons and the formation of oppositely charged ions.

Step-by-step explanation:

Bonds where one charged atom gives one or more electrons to another are called ionic bonds. This type of bond is characterized by the transfer of electrons from one atom (typically a metal) to another (typically a non-metal), leading to the formation of oppositely charged ions. Atoms donate electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration, often aiming to replicate the electron configuration of noble gases. The atom that loses an electron becomes a positively charged ion, known as a cation, while the atom that gains the electron becomes a negatively charged ion, called an anion. These ions are then attracted to each other due to electrostatic forces, creating the ionic bond.

An example of an ionic bond can be found in sodium chloride (table salt), where a sodium atom donates an electron to a chlorine atom, resulting in Na+ and Cl- ions.

It's important to differentiate between types of bonds, such as covalent bonds, which involve the sharing of electrons, and hydrogen bonds, which are intermolecular interactions that occur between molecules containing polar covalent bonds, like water molecules. Unlike ionic bonds, these do not involve a complete transfer of electrons.

Answer 2

An ionic bond is formed when one charged atom gives one or more electrons to another and is characterized by the transfer of electrons, as opposed to sharing them, which occurs in covalent bonds.

Step-by-step explanation:

Bonds where one charged atom gives one or more electrons to another is an ionic bond. This type of chemical bond involves the transfer of electrons as opposed to sharing them. When an atom donates an electron to another atom, it often becomes a positively charged ion, and the atom that gains the electron becomes a negatively charged ion, leading to an electrostatic attraction between the two, which we refer to as an ionic bond.

Covalent bonding is different, as it involves the sharing of electrons. A simple example of a covalent bond would be that in a hydrogen molecule (H2), where two hydrogen atoms share their electrons. A polar covalent bond is a type of covalent bond where the electron sharing is unequal due to differences in electronegativity between the bonded atoms, while a nonpolar covalent bond involves equal sharing of electrons, as seen in the bonding of two identical atoms like in H2.

Additionally, there are hydrogen bonds, which are weak bonds that can occur when a hydrogen atom that is already covalently bonded to one electronegative atom is also attracted to another electronegative atom.