Final answer:
The correct match for each interaction with its example is 1c (Parasitism), 2b (Mutualism), 3d (Competition), and 4a (Commensalism). Parasitism is when a parasite benefits at the host's expense, mutualism benefits both species, competition is when species compete for resources, and commensalism benefits one without affecting the other.
Step-by-step explanation:
The interaction between two organisms or species and the type of relationship they have can vary. To match each interaction with its example:
- Parasitism: Parasitism is a symbiotic relationship where one species, the parasite, benefits at the expense of the other, the host. An example is Giardia lamblia, which causes diarrhea in its human host by invading the cells of the small intestine and absorbing nutrients.
- Mutualism: Mutualism is a beneficial symbiotic relationship for both interacting species. Ants protect aphids from predators like ladybugs in return for honeydew, which is an example of mutualism.
- Competition: Competition occurs when two or more species in an ecosystem compete for the same resources, such as water and nutrients. An example of this is two species of grass competing for these resources.
- Commensalism: Commensalism is a relationship where one species benefits while the other is unaffected. A barnacle attaching to a whale for transport without impacting the whale is an example of commensalism.
Based on the above definitions and examples, the correct match for each interaction with its example is:
- 1c. Giardia lamblia invades human small intestine cells - Parasitism.
- 2b. Ants protect aphids and receive honeydew - Mutualism.
- 3d. Two species of grass compete for water and nutrients - Competition.
- 4a. Barnacle attaches to a whale - Commensalism.