Final answer:
The two agencies that used to be part of the INS are now Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS), with ICE enforcing immigration laws and USCIS processing applications for immigration services.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct agencies that were a part of the INS, or Immigration and Naturalization Service, are now separate entities under the Department of Homeland Security. The correct answer is d) Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), and Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). After the INS was dissolved in 2003, its functions were divided between these two agencies, with ICE responsible for the enforcement of immigration laws within the interior of the United States and USCIS responsible for processing immigration and naturalization applications and providing services to immigrants.
Importance of Immigration Agencies
Immigration and border security have been paramount issues for the United States, leading to policy debates and the creation of stringent measures for policing the borders. Some of these measures include increased hiring for ICE officers, building fences along the border with Mexico, and enacting laws to prevent unauthorized immigration. Furthermore, policies around immigration enforcement, such as returning visa overstays and preventing sanctuary cities from shielding undocumented immigrants, have been significant aspects of the ongoing political discourse.