Final answer:
The ancient Sumerians invented the wheel around the fourth millennium BCE, which had a profound impact on transportation and trade in Mesopotamia.
Step-by-step explanation:
The ancient Sumerians were pioneers in various fields, including transportation, agriculture, and urbanization. They made significant contributions to civilization with their technological innovations in the Early Bronze Age. One of their remarkable inventions was the wheel, which revolutionized transportation and labor in their society. A meaningful sentence using this information could be: "The invention of the wheel by the Sumerians around the fourth millennium BCE greatly facilitated commerce and trade in Mesopotamia, marking a significant advancement in human civilization."
Moreover, they developed other tools such as the plow and complex irrigation systems, solidifying their legacy as influential inventors. This was in addition to their achievements in writing, with the creation of cuneiform script, and in mathematics, laying the groundwork for our number system and timekeeping.