Final answer:
Frederick the Great of Prussia was the absolute monarch who stimulated rapid economic growth and upheld religious freedom in his kingdom.
Step-by-step explanation:
The absolute monarch who oversaw rapid economic growth in Prussia and extended religious freedom to its subjects was Frederick the Great (C). Unlike Louis XIV of France, who epitomized absolute monarchy with a focus on consolidating political power and implementing mercantilist economic policies, Frederick the Great of Prussia was known as an enlightened despot. His rule was marked by efforts to modernize the Prussian administration, the economy, and the military while also promoting culture and the arts. He encouraged religious tolerance and invited the philosopher Voltaire to his court, reflecting his interest in Enlightenment ideals despite his absolute rule.