Final answer:
The seven modern perspectives in psychology are biological, evolutionary, sociocultural, cognitive, psychodynamic, behavioral, and humanistic. The eclectic approach in psychology involves integrating ideas from multiple perspectives to gain a comprehensive understanding of human behavior.
Step-by-step explanation:
The field of psychology is comprised of various perspectives that provide different ways of understanding human behavior. The seven modern perspectives in psychology are:
- Biological Perspective: Focuses on the biological basis of behavior, such as genetics, neurotransmitters, and brain structure.
- Evolutionary Perspective: Examines how psychological traits and behaviors have evolved over time to promote survival and reproductive success.
- Sociocultural Perspective: Explores how social and cultural factors influence behavior, such as cultural norms, social roles, and socialization.
- Cognitive Perspective: Studies mental processes, including perception, memory, thinking, problem-solving, and decision-making.
- Psychodynamic Perspective: Emphasizes the unconscious mind, early childhood experiences, and the role of unconscious conflicts in shaping behavior.
- Behavioral Perspective: Focuses on observable behavior and how it is influenced by conditioning, learning, and the environment.
- Humanistic Perspective: Emphasizes human potential, self-actualization, and the importance of personal growth and fulfillment.
The eclectic approach in psychology involves integrating ideas and principles from multiple perspectives to gain a comprehensive understanding of human behavior. It recognizes that no single perspective can fully explain the complexity of human behavior, so psychologists may draw on different perspectives depending on the specific situation or research question.