Final answer:
The probability of drawing specific cards from a standard deck of 52 cards can be calculated by dividing the number of favorable outcomes by the total number of possible outcomes.
Step-by-step explanation:
a. The probability of drawing one card that is a spade can be calculated by dividing the number of spades in the deck (13) by the total number of cards (52). So the probability is 13/52, which simplifies to 1/4 or 0.25.
b. The probability of drawing one card that is both a spade and a face card can be calculated by dividing the number of spade face cards (J, Q, K) in the deck (3) by the total number of cards (52). So the probability is 3/52, which simplifies to 1/17 or approximately 0.059.
c. The probability of drawing a Queen or a 5 from the deck can be calculated by adding the number of Queens (4) and the number of 5s (4) in the deck, and dividing by the total number of cards (52). So the probability is 8/52, which simplifies to 2/13 or approximately 0.154.
d. The probability of drawing a Club or a Red card can be calculated by adding the number of Clubs (13) and the number of Red cards (26) in the deck, and dividing by the total number of cards (52). So the probability is 39/52, which simplifies to 3/4 or 0.75.
e. The probability of drawing a Heart or a Jack can be calculated by adding the number of Hearts (13) and the number of Jacks (4) in the deck, and dividing by the total number of cards (52). So the probability is 17/52, which simplifies to 4/13 or approximately 0.308.
f. The probability of drawing a Face Card or not drawing a Club can be calculated by adding the number of Face Cards (12) and subtracting the number of Clubs (13) in the deck, and dividing by the total number of cards (52). So the probability is 25/52, which simplifies to 25/52 or approximately 0.481.