Final answer:
The statement that a theory becomes a law when it has been known for a long time is false. Scientific laws are concise mathematical descriptions of phenomena, while theories are detailed explanations. Mathematical truths apply to numbers but may not translate to other disciplines.
Step-by-step explanation:
When it comes to the true or false statement about whether a theory becomes a law when it has been known for a long time, the answer is false. Theories and laws in science have distinct definitions. A scientific law is a concise statement that describes observed phenomena, while a theory is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world that is acquired through the scientific method and repeatedly tested and confirmed through observation and experimentation. Laws are often expressed in mathematical terms, like F = ma, which describes the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration. But their simplicity and conciseness do not denote a progression from theory to law over time.
Mathematics is applied in the formulation of both scientific theories and laws, but mathematical truths are not universally general truths. Mathematical axioms are specific to the realm of numbers and forms and do not necessarily apply to other disciplines like morals or chemistry. Therefore, while math helps in understanding and describing natural phenomena, one should be cautious in assuming that mathematical truths universally apply to all fields of study.