Final answer:
Both the sender and the receiver can create barriers to communication, with factors such as unclear messages, lack of attention, or preconceived notions affecting the communication process.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question of who created the barriers to communication is complex because both the sender and the receiver can be responsible. Barriers can arise from the sender's side if the message is not clearly articulated, if there is a lack of understanding of the receiver's needs, or due to the sender's emotional state, language skills, or lack of feedback. On the receiver's side, barriers can occur due to a lack of attention, preconceived notions, or differences in interpretation. Effective communication is a two-way process, where both the sender and the receiver must work to overcome barriers.