Final answer:
An aqueous solution with a pH of 7.0, where the concentrations of hydrogen and hydroxide ions are equal, is called a neutral solution.
Step-by-step explanation:
An aqueous solution with equal concentrations of hydrogen (H+ or H3O+) and hydroxide (OH-) ions, each being 1.0 x 10-7 M, is described as a neutral solution. This solution has a pH of 7.0. The term pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution. Neutral solutions, like pure water, have a pH of 7. Solutions with a pH lower than 7 are acidic, and those with a pH higher than 7 are basic. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14 and allows for a quick determination of the solution's nature. In summary, the term for an aqueous solution where the hydrogen and hydroxide ion concentrations are equal and the pH is 7.0, is neutral.