Final answer:
The introduction of the Declaration of Independence sets the philosophical foundation for American independence, asserting the colonists' right to self-governance based on the Enlightenment ideals of inalienable rights to 'Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness,' justifying their separation from Great Britain.
Step-by-step explanation:
The introduction of the Declaration of Independence clarifies the reasons for the thirteen colonies' decision to separate from Great Britain. It sets forth Enlightenment ideals, most notably those of John Locke, claiming inalienable rights to "Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness." This section establishes that when a government fails to protect these rights, the people have the authority to establish a new government. The introduction's purpose was to lay the philosophical groundwork and publicly justify the colonies' break from British rule, communicating the colonists' view that they were entitled to the same rights as other nations.
Arguing that it is a people's right to overthrow a government that becomes destructive of these principals, the introduction frames the decision for independence as a legitimate and necessary response to the British crown's failure to protect these rights. It addresses not only the grievances but also provides a unifying call to action for the colonists, asserting the necessity of forming a separate and equal government.