Question

Which of the following occur as a result of hydrogen bonding between water molecules? (more than one option can be chosen if needed)

a) Ice is less dense than liquid water (ice floats)
b) Ice will sink to the bottom of a lake.
c) Water takes a long time to warm up or cool down due to the high heat capacity.
d) Water is a poor solvent.
e) Water molecules have strong cohesion.

Answer 1

Hydrogen bonding between water molecules leads to several important properties of water: ice is less dense than liquid water, water takes a long time to heat up or cool down, and water molecules have strong cohesion.

Step-by-step explanation:

Hydrogen bonding between water molecules leads to several important properties of water:

1. Ice is less dense than liquid water (ice floats). When water freezes, hydrogen bonding forces the molecules to align in a way that creates empty spaces, increasing the overall volume of the solid. This is why ice has a lower density than liquid water.
2. Water takes a long time to warm up or cool down due to its high heat capacity. The hydrogen bonds in water require a significant amount of energy to break, resulting in a high heat capacity. This property allows water to absorb and store heat, which helps to regulate temperature in the environment.
3. Water molecules have strong cohesion. Hydrogen bonding causes water molecules to stick together, leading to cohesive forces. This property allows water to form droplets, maintain surface tension, and move upward against gravity in plants.